目的:观察绝经后妇女取环前应用乙烯雌酚的临床疗效,以减轻绝经妇女取环手术中的痛苦,预防取环带来的并发症,提高取环手术的成功率。 方法:术前每晚阴道内放1片(0.5mg)乙烯雌酚,连用6天,于第7天取环。 结果:患者应用乙烯雌酚软化宫颈,扩张宫颈取得了满意效果。 结论:我们认为乙烯雌酚在绝经妇女取IUD中,减少了取环带来的痛苦,预防了并发症,提高了取环成功率。
乙烯雌酚;绝经妇女;宫内节育器
Purpose: to observe take ring postmenopausal women before application the clinical curative effect of ethylene female phenol, in order to reduce postmenopausal women take the pain, prevent ring surgery take ring complications, improve the success rate of take ring surgery. Methods: preoperative nightly vagina put 1 piece (0.5 mg) ethylene female phenolic, repeat the first six days, 7 days in hospital take rings. Results: patients application ethylene female phenolic soften the cervix, expansion cervical achieved satisfactory results. Conclusion: we think vinyl female in postmenopausal women take IUD phenol, reducing the take ring in the pain, prevent complications, improve the success rate take ring.
Ethylene female phenolic; Postmenopausal women; Intrauterine device
绝经后妇女卵巢减退,雌激素水平下降,内外生殖器官萎缩,使取IUD难度加大。 1临床资料 1.2方法:80例绝经妇女均在术前进行详细体格检查,妇科常规检查和盆腔B超(IUD位置、盆腔无异常),术前每晚阴道内放入乙烯雌酚1片(0.5mg)共用6天。
2结果
80例绝经妇女用药后宫颈软化,子宫钳夹顺利,容受性增加。75例未用宫颈扩张器顺利取出(占93.75%,)术者无痛苦表情,出血少。另外4例IUD嵌顿,使用取环钩拉出部分IUD并剪断后抽出IUD。仅1例探测宫腔时环感不明显,以刮匙刮除子宫内膜后将IUD取出。
3结论
3.1IUD是我国目前临床上常采用的节育措施之一。绝经后妇女由于卵巢功能衰退,体内雌激素水平下降,子宫萎缩,加上节育器对子宫内膜及子宫肌壁的损伤,导致了节育器的嵌顿﹔绝经后妇女子宫颈萎缩,宫颈口紧闭,缺乏弹性,扩张困难,更加大了取IUD的困难,容易发生宫颈内膜损伤,环断裂,造成出血,术后感染[1]。
3.2乙烯雌酚是一种雌激素药,能使宫颈粘液分泌增多,宫颈口松弛,宫颈扩张、软化[2]。由于口服易引起胃肠道反应,改阴道用药,减少了胃肠道反应。综上所述,说明乙烯雌酚在绝经后妇女取环中的应用效果明显,可减少患者的痛苦,提高了取IUD成功率。
[1]乐燕,妇产(人民卫生出版社)